Case Management Foundations
Case management coordinates multiple services for clients with complex needs. It is a core social-work function in healthcare, mental health, child welfare, aging, and disability services.
Core functions
- Intake and assessment: gather history, identify needs, risks, strengths, and supports.
- Planning: develop a service plan with the client, goals, and specifics of how each will be met.
- Linking and coordinating: connect the client to services; ensure services actually work together.
- Implementation and monitoring: track progress, attend barriers, adjust.
- Advocacy: challenge barriers to services within systems.
- Evaluation and termination: review outcomes; close or step down.
The plan
A written case management plan lays out:
- Goals (specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, time-bound).
- Services to deliver each goal (who does what, when).
- Review dates.
- Client signature or informed agreement.
Coordination skills
- Communication with multiple providers, sharing with appropriate consents.
- Tracking appointments, referrals, and outcomes.
- Avoiding duplication; eliminating gaps.
Discharge planning
A special case — planning the transition from one service setting to another, with attention to continuity of care, supports at the destination, and follow-up. Discharge planning early (not at the moment of discharge) reduces readmissions and gaps in care.
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